A. Pest of Corn Plant
The most common pests attacking crops such as corn land caterpillars, flies seeds, grayak caterpillars, corn borers.
Caterpillars of land (Agrotis SP)
This pest attacks the young corn plant that is by cutting the stems near the soil surface.
Ways to control it:
• Processing the soil well before planting
• simultaneously raise
• inundation of water before planting
• Caterpillars are collected and turned off strike
• The rest of the infected plants were destroyed by fire
• Installation of toxic baits in places that are thought to be the nest of the larvae. Bait is used, among others bran, crushed corn cobs and chopped sweet potatoes mixed with a pesticide with the recommended dose.
Seed fly (Atherigona exigua)
Fly pests attack plant new seeds to grow, especially in the growing point of plants. Plants are attacked by a stunted growth and yellowish look.
Ways to control it:
• raise in unison at the beginning of the rainy season
• crop rotation with crops other than maize and rice
• Plants are sprayed with an insecticide with the recommended dose.
Caterpillar Spodoptera maurita
This pest attacks the leaves and stems of young corn plants by eating the leaves down to the bone leaves, plant stems cut into pieces.
Ways to control it:
• The remaining crops and weeds were burned before tillage
• Processing the soil well before planting
• simultaneously raise
• Plants are sprayed with an insecticide with the recommended dose
• Natural enemies Trichogamma sp., Telemanus sp., Or Sarellius sp.
The driving rod (Ostrinia furnacalis)
This pest attacks the leaves of young corn plants that are still curled leaves and the leaves are protected by the leaves open. How To attack the adult pest drilled into the book and rod, then drill the top. However, these pests are also attacked shoots cob and tassel, and the adult pests attacking corn cobs and seeds.
Ways to control it:
• Processing the soil well before planting
• simultaneously raise
• inundation of water before planting
• Caterpillars are collected and turned off strike
• The rest of the infected plants were destroyed by fire
B. Disease of Corn Plant
Disease most often attacks corn plants can be caused by fungi, viruses, bacteria, nematodes or nutrient deficiencies. Some important diseases such as downy mildew, leaf blight.
Downy mildew disease
Disease-causing downy mildew on corn is a fungus (Peronoscelorospora maydis). The initial symptoms appear on the leaf surface of parallel lines over cream-colored leaves. On further attacks, the lines will be widened to meet the entire leaf. This disease causes the plants to be stunted, production declines, and even death. The disease is difficult to eradicate.
Ways to control it:
• Use of varieties resistant to disease
• simultaneously raise
• The use of fungicides on the seed before planting
Leaf blight
The cause of late blight is a fungal disease (Helminthosporium turticum Pass.). The initial symptoms appear with the onset of round to oval spots on older leaves surrounded by yellow and brown colors. The next spot will be expanded from the leaf tip to the base of the leaf, even to the leaf midrib. Later these spots changed color to yellowish brown. In the end, all the leaves become brown and dry. Besides the leaves, the disease can also attack the frigate. Further attacks can cause plant death.
Ways to control it:
• Use of varieties resistant to disease
• The condition of land is maintained in order not to damp the sanitary area of land
• raise simultaneously at the beginning to the end of the dry season.
Those are some pests and diseases that often attack the corn crop, we must be smart to control their growth before our corn plant is damaged and does not result in maximum production.
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