Coffee plants are often attacked by pests and diseases so make the harvest decline. For that we need to know how to control pests and diseases of coffee.
The main types of pests that attack the coffee plants. In the vegetative growth phase borer pest that attacks the branches, white louse, a green tick, red stem borers and nematodes.
Branch borers attack plants from the nursery until the plants mature. The plant is attacked that is part of the trunk and branches near the ground surface. Symptoms that arise are the leaves on the stems / branches withered and stricken with a severe attack resulting in death. Method of pest control is done by cutting the infected branches, while prevention can be done by increasing the tolerance of crops through balanced fertilization, keep cropping is not too humid and eliminate other host plants.
White lice attack the plant shoots and leaves of young branches only if the population is high. This pest attacks the flowers and fruit, especially coffee, so-called flea colony. Control of technical culture can be done through the auspices of the arrangement and planting of resistant coffee plants; biologically by releasing predatory insects, and chemically by spraying insecticide with concentrations of 0.2 percent.
Green ticks attack all parts of a young coffee plants, the leaves, branches and stems are still young. Symptoms caused by this pest is attacked by a yellow part that eventually dried up, the plants become stunted, growth shoots and branches into short rods and unhealthy. This pest control can be performed technical culture through increased plant growth and retain moisture with a protective plant arrangements; biologically by using the predator, and chemically by using insecticides.
Red stem borers attacking trunks and branches of young coffee plants. As a result, the branch or trunk in the attack on part dead and break easily. Control is done by increasing the growth of plants and cut and destroy the affected areas.
The main nematodes causing damage to coffee plants, namely Pratylenchus coffeae nematodes attack the roots. Common symptoms of nematode attack is root rot of seedlings, stunted, leaves turn yellow and eventually die. At planting, the leaves turn yellow, primary branches and shoots of plants grown less stagnated. Withered leaves slowly, crop plants will languish and eventually die. Control is done by using nematode-free land, perform fumigation on growing media for seeds, plant varieties / clones that were resistant, and improved durability with maintenance-intensive crops.
Important diseases in plants such as coffee leaf rust disease, black pod disease stems and branches, fungus disease and leaf spot diseases. Leaf rust diseases attack the plants, especially of the type of Arabica coffee is grown at altitudes below 1,000 m asl. This disease mainly attacks the leaves with symptoms of yellow leaf spots with diameters of 2-4 mm and then extended, irregular shape and the color is getting older. Finally, the leaves become brown or black like rust. This attack leaves fall so the plants become bare, the tops of the branches die and eventually the whole plant dies. Control of this disease, among others, by planting resistant varieties, using fungicides and improved durability of the plant through an intensive maintenance.
Those are some ways to control pests and diseases in coffee plants. You need to provide good care for you coffee trees so the coffee plant that you are planting flourish and bear much fruit.
Comments
Post a Comment